Communication and Special Factors on an IEP: What Parents Need to Know
By: Mattelin McReynolds, Advocate
One of the most important areas considered under the Special Factors section of an IEP is communication. How a child expresses themselves and understands others can significantly impact their ability to access learning, participate in class, and engage with peers. As an advocate, I work with families to make sure communication needs are fully addressed in their child’s IEP.
Why Communication Matters
Communication is more than just talking. It includes understanding language, expressing needs and ideas, using gestures, and even interacting socially with peers and adults. If a child struggles in any of these areas, it can affect not only academic progress but also social-emotional development and overall school engagement.
How Communication is Addressed in an IEP
During the IEP process, the team should consider whether your child requires supports such as:
Speech or language therapy to target specific areas of need
Alternative or augmentative communication (AAC) devices for children who are nonverbal or have difficulty expressing themselves
Classroom accommodations such as simplified instructions, visual supports, or social scripts
Collaboration with teachers and staff to ensure strategies are consistently implemented across settings
Your Role as a Parent
Parents are a crucial voice when it comes to communication supports. You can help the team by:
Sharing observations about how your child communicates at home and in other settings
Asking clear questions: “Will my child have access to speech therapy throughout the week?” or “How will the AAC device be used in the classroom?”
Requesting documentation of communication goals and supports in the IEP to ensure they are implemented effectively
Why This Matters for Your Child
When communication needs are properly addressed, your child can:
Express their thoughts, needs, and emotions more effectively
Participate more fully in classroom activities
Build stronger social connections with peers
Demonstrate their knowledge and skills in ways that match their abilities
Tips for Advocating Around Communication
Review your child’s previous assessments and speech-language reports before the IEP meeting.
Ask the team to clarify how supports will be implemented daily, not just in therapy sessions.
Make sure goals are measurable and realistic, so progress can be monitored over time.
Check that staff have received training to support your child’s communication strategies.
Communication is the bridge to learning, social connection, and confidence. Ensuring it’s properly considered in your child’s IEP can make a meaningful difference in their school experience.
